1. Essay (Edemede)

(a)   Basic principles of essay writing:

introduction, body and conclusion

(b)  Basic essay types and their characteristics

(i)            Narrative (Akọmakọ)

(ii)           Descriptive and Expository

(Nkọwa na Nkọwami)

(iii)          Argumentative

(Mgbagha/Arụmarụụka)

(iv)          Speech making (Ekwumekwu)

(v)           Letter Writing (Edemleta)

(vi)          Dialogue (Mkparịtaụka)

2. Comprehension (Aghọtaazaa)

One passage of about one hundred and fifty (150) words.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            identify the basic principles of essay writing;

(ii)           use words and expressions appropriate to a particular topic;

(iii)          differentiate between different essay types;

(iv)          describe the characteristics of essay types;

(v)           compare different types of essay; (vi) criticize other people’s essays.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            explain the meanings of difficult words;

(ii)           give correct answers;

(iii)          differentiate between figurative and idiomatic expressions from the passage;

(iv)          deduce conclusion based on the passage.

3. Sounds and Sound Patterns

(Ụdaasụsụ na Usoro Ụdaasụsụ)

(a)   Vowels and Consonants (Ụdaume na mgbochiume)

(b)  Sound Patterns/Processes

i.              Syllabic nasals (myiri ụdaume)

ii.             Syllable structure (nkeji

mkpụrụokwu)

iii.            Vowel harmony (ndakọrịta

ụdaume);

iv.            Vowel assimilation (olilo ụdaume);

v.             Vowel elision and consonant elision      (ndapụ ụdaume na ndapụ            mgbochiume)

(c)   Tone and tone marking

(Akara ụdaolu)

4.    Spelling and spelling rules (Nsupe na Iwu Nsupe)

5.    Igbo Orthography (Mkpụrụedemede

Igbo)

6.    Dialect and Standard Igbo

(Olundị/Olumba na Igbo Izugbe)

7.    Vocabulary (Mkpụrụokwu dị n’asụsụ)

Expansion through word derivation processes, coinages, loans and loansblends (Ịmụbawanye mkpụrụokwu site n’usoro mmepụta, mkpụpụta, mbite na mbiọgwa).

8.    Grammar (Ụtọasụsụ)

(a) Parts of speech (Nkejiasụsụ): Nominals (Mkpọaha), verbs (ngwaa), adjectives (nkọwa), adverbs (nkwuwa), affixes (mgbakwunye), enclitics (nsokwunya),

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            identify vowels, consonants and syllabic nasals;

(ii)           distinguish between the speech sounds of the Igbo language;

(iii)          recognize syllabic nasals ‘m’ & ‘n’;

(iv)          determine the syllabic structure of any word;

(v)           identify the vowel groups in Igbo;

(vi)          describe vowel assimilation and vowel and consonant elision;

(vii)         assign tone marks appropriately.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            detect words written correctly in Igbo;

(ii)           observe consonant restrictions in Igbo;

(iii)          determine appropriate word division in Igbo;

(iv)          apply correct spellings in writing.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            differentiate between standard Igbo and dialects;

(ii)           use standard Igbo in their writings.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            differentiate between loan and coined words;

(ii)           identify loan words and loan-blends in Igbo;

(iii)          use words appropriately.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            differentiate between grammatical categories;

(ii)           identify parts of speech and their functions;

(iii)          differentiate between types of affixes and their functions;

(b) The structure, types and functions of the morpheme (Ndokọ, ụdị na ọrụ mọfịm)

Free & bound (nnọọrọonwe na ndabe)

(i)            the word (mkpụrụokwu)

(ii)           the phrase (nkebiokwu)

(iii)          the clause (nkebiahịrị)

nominal, relative adverbial (kemkpọaha na kenkwuwa)

(iv)          the sentence (ahịrịokwu)

simple (mfe), compound (ukwu), complex (mgbagwọ, dgz)

9. Translation (Ntụgharị)

SECTION B: LITERATURE 

                              (AGỤMAGỤ) 

1.     Literary devices (Atụmatụokwu na atụmatụ agụmagụ) dịka alliteration (bịambia mgbochiume), assonance (bịambịa ụdaume), parallelism (kwunkwugha), metaphor (mbụrụ), simile (myiri), hyperbole (egbeokwu), personification

(mmemmadụ) and proverbs (ilu), dgz.

2.     Oral Literature: Agụmagụ Ọnụ/ 

Agụmagụ Ọdịnala

Questions will be set on the following: folktales (ifo), anecdotes (ụkabụilu), myths (nkọmịrịkọ), legends

(nkọkịrịkọ), poems (abụ), songs (uri), chants (mbem), riddles (agwụgwa), oral drama (ejije ọnụ), tongue-twister (okwuntụhị) dgz.

(v)           identify words, phrases, clauses, sentences and their functions.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            translate English into Igbo and vice versa;

(ii)           communicate effectively in Igbo and English.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            identify all literary devices in the passages;

(ii)           interpret literary devices;

(iii)          differentiate between types of literary devices;

(iv)          use             Igbo     literary devices

appropriately

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            create folk stories, anecdotes, chants, riddles, oral drama etc.

(ii)           analyse various genres of oral literature;

(iii)          present ideas/formulae in accordance with underlying principles;

(iv)          apply the lessons of oral literature to their everyday life.

Ederede)

(a)  Prose (iduuazị)

(i)            Ude Ọdịlọra (1981) Ọkpa Akụ Eri Eri. Onitsha: University             Press.

(NECO/WAEC) (2016-

2024).

(b) Poetry (Abụ)

(i)            Ikeokwu E.S &

Onyejekwe M.C. (2009)

Uche  Bụ  Ahịa. Enugu:

Format Publishers Nig. LTD. (WAEC/NECO 20162024).

ABỤ NDỊ A  HỌPỤTARA (Selected Poems)

1.    Ụwa Ndọlị Ndọlị  – 1

2.    Ọchịchị – 14

3.    Ọnwụ 1 – 16

4.    Chi-Ukwu  – 20

5.    Ire 1 –  22

6.    Ozi Ọma – 28

7.    Mmụta   – 30

8.    Ezi Nwaanyị  – 36

9.    Anyanwụ – 40

10. Akụ – 44

11. Akaraka – 49

12. Ọnwa – 69

13. Akwụkwọ – 71

14. Nwanne – 89

(c) DRAMA (EJIJE)

i.          Nwaozuzu G.I. (2005). Nke

M Ji ka. Enugu: CIDJAP Press. (WAEC/NECO 20162024).

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            interpret the text;

(ii)           isolate the characters in the book;

(iii)          compare figurative and idiomatic expressions in the text;

(iv)          analyse the text;

(v)           identify the author, publisher and date of the book;

(vi)          draw moral lessons from the text.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            compare the types and themes of the poems;

(ii)           relate the poets’ idea to the contents of the poems;

(iii)          compare figurative and idiomatic

expressions in the texts/poems;

(iv)          analyse the structures of the poems;

(v)           apply acquired knowledge and

moral lessons from the poems to their daily lives.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            identify types of drama;

(ii)           determine the themes of the text;

(iii)          identify the story lines;

(iv)          find out the characters in the

SECTION C: CUSTOMS AND

             INSTITUTIONS 

(Omenala na Ewumewu)

Igbo customs and institutions as categorized below:

1.      Ekele dị icheiche: ekele ụtụtụ, ehihie, anyasị, nri, nlakpu, ọrụ dgz.

2.      Alụmdi na nwunye, ịgba alụkwaghịm.

3.      Ọmụmụ na ile ọmụgwọ, ikupụta nwa, ibi ugwu, ịgụ aha.

4.      Echichi: Ọzọ, Eze/Obi/Igwe/Iyom.

5.      Ike ekpe, ịkwa ozu, ịgba mkpe.

6.      Ụmụnna, ụmụọkpụ/ụmụada.

7.      Ọgbọ/ebiri/uke, ọhanaeze, ezinaụlọ

8.      Arụ na nsọala: Ihe nsọ – anụ, osisi, ebe, igbu ọchụ.

9.      Ọchịchị Ọdịnala: Igwe/Eze, Nze na Ọzọ, Ụmụnna, Ezinaụlọ dgz.

10.   Nnabata ọbịa, ọji na ịtu nzu, itu aha, dgz.

11.   Ịgba afa, ịchụ aja, ịgọ mmụọ, ofufe.

12.   Nkwenye: ịdụ isi/ịṅụ iyi, ịgba ndụ, orikọ, dgz.

(v)           appreciate the language of the play;

(vi)          appraise the social problems raised by the author in the play;

(vii)         apply acquired knowledge to their personal lives.

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            describe the customs of their people;

(ii)           determine the rules and regulations guiding specified aspects of the culture and tradition of the Igbo people;

(iii)          describe the importance of the aspects of Igbo culture;

(iv)          identify changes that have occurred as a result of civilization;

(v)           explore their environment for a

better appreciation of  their culture.

13.  Akụnaụba:  inwe ala, ike ala, ekpe, elulu (ịkpa ọkụkọ, ewu, dgz).

14.  Ikikere mmụọ: ọfọ, ogu, ọtọnsi, okpesi,ikenga.

15.  Egwuregwu: mgba, egwu ọnwa, ikpọ ụga, ịzụ ǹchò, ịzụ okwe, dgz.

16.  Akaọrụ ndị Igbo: Ọrụ ugbo, ịkụ azụ, ịkpụ ụzụ, ịzụ ahịa, ịtụ ihe ọtụtụ, dgz.

SECTION D: General and Current

Affairs (Ihe Ndị na-eme Ugbua)

1.     Topical issues on the Igbo language, literature and culture e.g. Ahịajiọkụ and Odenigbo lectures.

2.     Ọhanaeze Ndị Igbo

3.     Authors, Publishers, dates and places of publication of works in Igbo.

4.     Igbo Studies Association (ISA)

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            identify some dates and themes of

Ahịajiọkụ and Odenigbo lectures;

(ii)           identify authors and dates of

publication of various textbooks in Igbo;

(iii)          identify       some    publishing

companies;

(iv)          analyse       some    functions       of

Ọhanaeze ndị Igbo;

(v)           acquaint      themselves        with       the functions and contributions of the  Igbo Studies Association (ISA).

(Okwuakpụnọnụ)

Note:

Item writers should also choose their topics for comprehension exercises  from such current issues as the following:

HIV/AIDS

(Mmịnwụ/Obirinaajaọcha)

Drug Abuse (Ịṅu Ọgwụ

Agharaaghara)

Cultism (Otu Nzuzo)

Rights of Women and Children

(Oruuru Ụmụnwaanyị  na Ụmụaka)

Human Rights Violation (Ịnapụ

Mmadụ Ikike)

Religious Conflicts (Nsogbu Ndọkụrịta

Ekpemekpe Ụka)

Candidates should be able to:

(i)            acquaint themselves with current issues;

(ii)           examine their effects;

(iii)          suggest remedies to the problems.